Observation and direct measure

Observation

Observation is a simple method of gathering data using your senses, such as sight and hearing. Observation allows us to collect data at the time something happens. It also allows us to collect data in a natural setting.  We can use observation to gather data on:

The behavior of people: We can use observation to gather data on the behavior of people in certain situations. If you wanted to gather data on student behavior at your school, you can observe the way students behave in class and during breaks over a period of time.

The behavior of animals: Researchers often use observation to study the behavior of animals. Through observation, they learn what the animals eat, where they like to live, details about their life cycle and many other things.

The weather: Observation is a good way to quickly gather information about the weather. You can use your senses to determine if it is sunny, cloudy, warm, cold or windy.

Observation can be used to gather data in many other situations. Observations can be done over a period of time such as a week, a month or even longer. When making observations you must immediately make note of any important things that you observe.

Direct measurement

Measurement means to determine the exact size, length, weight or amount of something. Measurement is a good way to gather accurate data about people or things. Special instruments are used to take measurements. Here are a few examples of how we can measure things:

• We can use a ruler, meter stick or measuring tape to measure the length or height of something or someone.
• We can use a scale to measure the weight of something or someone.
• We can use a measuring cup or beaker to measure the volume of a liquid.
• We can use a thermometer to measure how hot or cold something is.
• We can use a clock or stopwatch to measure the amount of time something takes.